Neodymium: Amateka mato
Neodymium yavumbuwe mu 1885 n’umuhanga mu bya shimi wo muri Otirishiya Carl Auer von Welsbach, nubwo ivumburwa ryayo ryateje impaka zimwe - icyuma ntigishobora kuboneka mu buryo bwacyo, kandi kigomba gutandukanywa na didymium.
Nkuko Royal Society of Chemistry ibivuga, ibyo byateye gushidikanya mubashinzwe imiti niba ari icyuma kidasanzwe cyangwa atari cyo. Ariko, ntibyatinze neodymium ihabwa kumenyekana nkibintu muburyo bwayo. Icyuma kibona izina ryacyo mu kigereki “neos didymos,” bisobanura “impanga nshya.”
Neodymium ubwayo irasanzwe. Mubyukuri, ni inshuro ebyiri kurongora ndetse hafi kimwe cya kabiri gisanzwe nkumuringa mubutaka bwisi. Ubusanzwe ikurwa mu bucukuzi bwa monazite na bastnasite, ariko kandi n’ibicuruzwa biva mu kirere.

Neodymium: Porogaramu zingenzi
Nkuko byavuzwe, neodymium ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe za magnetique, kandi ikoreshwa mugukora magneti akomeye adasanzwe yisi aboneka kuburemere nubunini. Praseodymium, iyindi si idasanzwe, nayo ikunze kuboneka muri magnesi nkizo, mugihe dysprosium yongeweho kugirango itezimbere imikorere ya magneti ya neodymium mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Imashini ya Neodymium-fer-boron yahinduye ibintu byinshi byubuhanga bugezweho, nka terefone ngendanwa na mudasobwa. Bitewe nuburyo izo magneti zikomeye nubwo zingana, neodymium yatumye miniaturizasi ya electronics nyinshi ishoboka, nkuko byemezwa na Royal Society of Chemistry.
Gutanga ingero nkeya, Apex Magnets ivuga ko magnesi ya neodymium itera ihindagurika rito mubikoresho bigendanwa mugihe impeta yacecekeshejwe, kandi ni ukubera imbaraga za magneti zikomeye za neodymium niho scaneri ya MRI ishobora kwerekana neza neza imbere yumubiri wumuntu. utiriwe ukoresha imirasire.
Izi magneti nazo zikoreshwa mubishushanyo muri TV zigezweho; batezimbere cyane ubwiza bwamashusho bayobora neza electroni kuri ecran muburyo bukwiye kugirango bisobanuke neza kandi byamabara meza.
Byongeye kandi, neodymium ni ikintu cyingenzi mu miyoboro y’umuyaga, ikoresha magneti ya neodymium kugirango ifashe mu kongera ingufu za turbine no kubyara amashanyarazi. Icyuma kiboneka cyane muri turbine yumuyaga. Iyi mikorere kumuvuduko muke, ituma imirima yumuyaga itanga amashanyarazi menshi kurenza turbine gakondo, kandi nayo ikunguka byinshi.
Mu byingenzi, kubera ko neodymium idapima cyane (nubwo itanga imbaraga zingirakamaro) hari ibice bike bigira uruhare mugushushanya muri rusange, bigatuma turbine ikora neza. Mugihe icyifuzo cyingufu ziyongera, icyifuzo cya neodymium nacyo kigiye kwiyongera.